About

IPTO Analytics section on the website of the Independent Power Transmission Operator S.A. (IPTO) provides an easy and comprehensive overview ofkey data of the Hellenic Transmission System (HETS).

On the 1st page if IPTO Website the following data are presented:
• Production
• Demand
• Pumping
• Storage
• Zero Carbon Production
• CO2 Emissions
• Interconnection Balance


Additionally, the following are presented in the form of graphs:

  • Energy Mix, which incorporates production by fuel (Lignite, Natural Gas, Hydroelectric and Renewable Energy Sources - RES). For the completeness of the presentation, Pumping is also presented (with a negative sign, not being included in the Energy Mix), as well as the netted energy of the Storage Stations (with a positive sign if it refers to energy injection, in which case it is included in the Energy Mix and a negative sign if it refers to energy absorption, in which case it is not included in the Energy Mix) and the Interconnection Balance (with a positive sign if it is importing, in which case it is included in the Energy Mix, and with a negative sign if it is exporting, in which case it is not included in the Energy Mix).

  • Mix of Zero Carbon Production (by RES and Hydroelectric power plants) and CO2 Production (by Lignite & Natural Gas), as well as the gauge of the CO2 Intensity Index.

  • Mix of Interconnection Balance, which incorporates the energy of Imports & Exports with neighboring countries.

  • Day Ahead Market Prices map, in which the Day Ahead Market Clearing Prices per bidding zone (€/MWh) are geographically displayed, with an appropriate color scale indicating their level.

The data refers to the specific date and time selected by the user, while there is also the option of cumulative display of the above data for all available hours of the selected day (by selecting Daily Data).

 

Explanatory Notes
 

Production
Includes the sum of non-certified SCADA production data from Lignite, Natural Gas and Hydroelectric, as well as of the total RES production, which consists of:

  • Non-certified SCADA Data of System RES Production. This also includes the negative balance of the flows in the interconnections of Crete with the HETS (flow from Crete to the HETS), i.e. the production surplus of Crete which is considered as RES1.

  • The Network RES production which, due to the unavailability of close to real time metering data, is calculated as the difference between the sum of the components of Demand (Total Demand Forecast, System Losses Forecast, flow from HETS to Crete, Pumping, energy absorption of Storage Stations and Exporting Interconnection Balance) and the sum of the remaining components of Production (Conventional Production, System RES Production, flow from Crete to HETS, energy injection of Storage Stations and Importing Interconnection Balance).

Production does not include the injection of Storage Stations.

Demand
Includes the sum of the Total Demand Forecast and the System Losses Forecast, based on the latest published ISP results at the reference hour, as well as positive balance of the flows on the HETS-Crete interconnections (flow from HETS to Crete)2. Pumping and energy absorption of Storage Stations are not included.

Pumping
Includes non-certified SCADA data on the absorption of the pump-storage stations.

Storage
Includes non-certified SCADA data on the netted measured energy of the Storage Stations and is presented with a positive sign if it refers to energy injection and with a negative sign if it refers to energy absorption.

  • CO2 Emissions
    The following metrics are presented:

  • CO2 Emissions Intensity Index:
    It shows the estimated carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere (in grams) for each kWh of electricity produced by Natural Gas or Lignite production units, for the reference period. It is calculated as the quotient of the total estimated CO2 emissions to Total Production. For the calculation of the total estimated CO2 emissions the following coefficients3 per technology are used: 
    - Lignite: 1433,63 gr CO2/kWh
    - Natural gas: 379,70 gr CO2/kWh
    - Hydro: 0 gr CO2/kWh.

    The graph depicts 3 different degrees of the Index (Low, Medium, High), while the production data presented above are used to calculate total production.

  • Zero Carbon/CO2 Production:
    The production from RES and Hydroelectric units is characterized as Zero Carbon Production, while the production from Lignite and Natural Gas is characterized as CO2 Production.

Interconnection Balance:
Includes non-certified SCADA data of energy exchanged with neighboring countries (Italy, Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria and Turkey), separately for Imports & Exports, as well as the Balance resulting from the difference between Imports - Exports4.

Day Ahead Market Prices:
The Day-Ahead Market Clearing Prices per Bidding Zone (€/MWh) are geographically mapped, based on published data on the ENTSO-E Transparency Platform. The average values for each reference hour5 or the cumulative daily averages are presented (depending on the user's choice). The color scale from minimum to maximum price is based on the Hourly Day Ahead Market Clearing Prices of all bidding zones for the selected day.

It is noted that for Italy the single price PUN (Prezzo Unico Nazionale) is presented, which is the wholesale reference price at which electricity is purchased on the Italian Electricity Market (Borsa Elettrica Italiana). It is calculated as the average of the zonal sales prices, weighted by the total purchases netted by the purchases for Pumped-Storage Units and the purchases by Neighboring Countries’ Zones.

1. This situation is a considered transitional, given that when the single bidding zone (HETS + Crete) is implemented, the production of Crete will be integrated into the production data of the corresponding fuel technology.

2. This situation is considered transitional, given that when the single bidding zone (HETS + Crete) is implemented, the demand of Crete's consumers will be integrated into the production requirements of the Continental System and therefore the management of the flows of the interconnections of Crete will not be required.

3. Current CO2 emissions coefficients values are in effect as of 01/06/2026 and their calculation is based on the total quantities produced by each production unit during the year 2025 and the total CO2 emissions per production unit of the year 2025, as submitted to the Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). In particular, for the production units that were in Acceptance Tests during the year 2025, the CO2 emissions emissions for the period of the Acceptance Tests are an estimate of the respective Producer. For the time-period before 01/06/2026 different CO2 emissions coefficients applied, since the calculation of those coefficients was based on production and emissions’ data of previous years.

4. It is noted that in the published results of the Integrated Programming Process (ISP), the corresponding Interconnection Balance is calculated as the difference [Exports - Imports].

5. Following the implementation (with first delivery day the 1st October 2025) of the transition from 60-min to 15-minute Market Time Unit (MTU) in the Single Day-Ahead Coupling (SDAC) across all European bidding zones, the Hourly Day Ahead Market Clearing Price is calculated as the average of the prices of the corresponding 15-minute Periods.